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1 Introduction In recent years, with the improvement of people's material living standards, synthetic fibers have gradually been transformed from applicable to functional, and people pay more attention to the aesthetics, comfort and health care functions of fibers. Since the far-infrared fiber has a far-infrared emission function, an antibacterial function, and a heat preservation function, a research and development boom has arisen at home and abroad. In addition, polypropylene has the advantages of light weight, fine denier and fine denier polypropylene with good wicking effect, and has become a hot spot for researchers. In this paper, the functional and mechanical properties of far-infrared fine-denier polypropylene developed by the National Engineering Research Center for Synthetic Fibers are studied, which lays a foundation for the promotion and application of fibers.
2 Experiment 2.1 Raw material far-infrared polypropylene fabric: Using far-infrared polypropylene DTY, weaving socks on the dyeing test knitting machine (produced by Jiangsu Wuxi Yongxin Textile Machinery Factory).
2.2 Test instruments and methods 2.2.1 Fabric far-infrared emission performance test test band 8~25.
2.2.2 Fabric far-infrared emission performance Durability test The fabric was washed 50 times with the following process requirements, and the far-infrared emissivity was tested.
The cleaning time is 1 (W times, dry naturally.
2.2.3 Antibacterial performance test of fabric ~1 (W small piece, the number of bacteria killed by the oscillation method is measured, and the antibacterial rate is calculated, and calculated according to the following formula: = (average number of bacteria before shaking - average number of bacteria after shaking) / average number of bacteria before shaking x test species: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis. For the detection method, refer to FZ/TO1Q21 2.2.4 Fiber é“Ž elongation, strip, Test section tensile strength: STA-TIMAT automatic extension meter produced by TEXTECHNO, Germany; -C type strip uniformity meter; section morphology: microscopic image analysis system, magnification 500 times.
2.2.5 crystallization performance test Japanese science 3134 X-ray diffractometer; Cu target, work 3 results and discussion 3.1 Far-infrared emission properties of far-infrared fiber The far-infrared emission performance of fiber is mainly determined by the far-infrared fine powder contained in the fiber. Composition and Adding Quantity<= Reasonable selection of far-infrared micropowder is not only conducive to the better health care function of fiber and fabric, but also beneficial to the spinning performance of extracting fiber, extracting and chemical fiber technology research, published several articles article.
The stability of the spinning state and the reduction of production unit consumption. The selection of far-infrared micro-powder is the key to the development of far-infrared fibers. We studied the effects of micro-powder varieties on the far-infrared emissivity of fabrics for four different micro-powders. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the composition of far-infrared micropowder The relationship between the emissivity and the micro-powder type micro-powder rate fabric far-reaching rate analysis table 1 shows that the far-infrared emissivity of the micro-powder differs greatly due to the difference in the composition of the micro-powder. In the fibers and fabrics with the same micro-powder content, the far-infrared emissivity is also Significant differences. The far-infrared emissivity of the fabric depends not only on the composition of the micropowder, but also on the particle size of the micropowder and its distribution in the fiber. In order to make the final product have excellent far-infrared emission function, the emissivity of the micropowder is greater than 90%, and the far-infrared emissivity of the fabric is greater than 80%. On the other hand, the far-infrared emissivity of the fiber is also related to the addition amount of the micropowder. The amount not only affects the emissivity of the fiber, but also affects the spinnability. It has been found through experiments that the spinnability of 3 far infrared fibers is the best in terms of spinnability. Therefore, we studied the effect of different addition amounts of 3 micropowder on the far-infrared emissivity of the fabric. The results are shown in Table 2, Table 2, Far Infrared Micro The relationship between the ft content and the far-infrared emission of the device is shown in Table 2. As the powder content in the fiber increases, the emissivity of the fabric increases. When the powder content is 4.5%, the emissivity of the fabric has reached 80%, but when the powder content is increased to more than 6%, the rate of increase of emissivity is significantly slowed down. Considering factors such as fiber emissivity, spinnability and production cost, we believe that the fiber content of the fiber is 56%, which can meet the fiber functional requirements. 3.2 Far-infrared fiber far-infrared emissivity washing performance Table 3 lists the far-infrared emissivity of far-infrared fabrics containing four kinds of micro-powder before and after washing. From the results in Table 3, the emissivity of far-infrared fibers after washing is known. Slightly reduced; the four far-infrared fabrics selected for this study have excellent water wash resistance for far-infrared emissivity.
The washfastness of far-infrared fibers and fabric emissivity is related to the distribution of fines in the fibers. The four far-infrared fibers and fabrics we studied all adopt the method of blending and melting full granulation, which better realizes the uniform distribution of fine powder in the fiber-forming cerium polymer, which not only improves the kinetic spinning of the fiber. The silk property is good for the washing performance of the fiber emissivity, and even if it is washed in a high-speed 20 washing machine, the fine powder is not easily peeled off from the fiber.
Table 3: Far-infrared sputum emissivity, water-washing performance, fabric type, pre-washing rate, and cross-sectional view of ordinary polypropylene POY and far-infrared POY with 3 micron powder. From the middle, it can be seen that the conventional polypropylene cross section is smooth and transparent, while the far infrared polypropylene cross section is full of spots and the distribution is relatively uniform. This aspect shows that the far-infrared fine powder has less agglomerated particles and almost no agglomerates, which is beneficial to the spinning of the idling; on the other hand, it also explains the reasons why the far-infrared fibers and the emissivity of the fabric are resistant to washing.
The fabric containing 1, 3 micronized powder was commissioned to test the antibacterial properties of the material. The test results show that: 3 far infrared fabric antibacterial rate is 91.00%, excellent antibacterial performance; 1 woven bacillus is 79.50%, medium antibacterial performance.
The difference in antibacterial properties is mainly related to the composition of far infrared micropowder. It is generally believed that far-infrared fibers have antibacterial properties, on the one hand, because far-infrared rays have antibacterial properties, and on the other hand, most ceramic micropowders also have antibacterial properties.
3.4 Mechanical properties of far-infrared fibers We studied the relationship between the content of far-infrared fine powders (in the case of 3) and the mechanical properties of fibers in fibers. It can be seen from Table 4 that compared with ordinary polypropylene, the far-infrared propylene imparts a decrease in mechanical properties, which may be related to the far-infrared powder affecting the supramolecular structure of the fiber to some extent and causing structural defects. In order to make the far-infrared polypropylene have good weaving performance, the DTY strength is generally required to be greater than 2.5cN/dtex. In the scope of this test, the far-infrared polypropylene can fully meet the requirements of post-processing.
The relationship between the ft4 far-infrared fltft and the mechanical properties of the fiber pile. According to the requirements of industrial production, whether POY can maintain the basic stability of the structure for a long time is very important, because it directly affects the fiber's tensile false twist. And other processes. Table 5 shows the effect of the same silk cake storage on the performance of the POY structure at different times. It can be seen from the table that the mechanical properties of the fiber have little to do with the storage time, but the stripping rate is slightly decreased, and the balance is basically reached within 24 hours. Even if stored in the far-infrared POY for 3 months, it can smoothly pass the process of stretching false twisting to produce various far-infrared CTYs with excellent performance. Table 5 Storage time for the storage of POY mechanical properties outside the eye (h) 3 The elongation of the strip is not uniform. The crystallinity of the far-infrared fiber is changed according to the processing conditions. It is generally believed that the a crystal form is relatively stable, which is not conducive to the post-processing, and the finished fiber is obtained. The mechanical properties are poor. The quasi-hexagonal crystal form is a relatively complex and incomplete crystal form, which is easy to process and gradually transforms into a more stable a crystal form during processing. In order to make the far-infrared POY smooth further For the processing, the crystal structure of POY must be quasi-hexagonal. We studied the crystallization properties of far-infrared polypropylene POY and DTY, and the X-ray diffraction pattern is seen, and the corresponding crystallinity is calculated. See Table 6. Analysis, Table 6 It can be seen that the crystal structure of far-infrared POY is a quasi-hexagon crystal form, and the crystal structure of DTY is a crystal form. This indicates that the crystal structure of far-infrared polypropylene POY is increased during the deformation process, and its crystal structure is also Significant changes have occurred Complete quasi-hexagonal gradually evolved into a more stable crystalline form. This also explains we developed the far-infrared POY smoothly machined on the other hand, because of excellent DTY made and the performance.
Table 6: Far-infrared polypropylene POY and DTY degree of comparison Fiber type crystallinity ~~ Far-infrared POY and DTY crystal form comparison 4 Conclusion The far-infrared polypropylene emissivity is related to the far-infrared fine powder and the amount of fiber contained in the fiber. 3 far infrared micropowder, the addition amount is preferably 5% ~ 6%.
The far-infrared polypropylene developed by the melt blending full granulation method has a relatively fine distribution in the fibers, and the far-infrared emissivity of the fibers and fabrics is excellent in water washing resistance.
Far-infrared polypropylene has certain antibacterial properties, which is mainly related to the composition of the micropowder contained in the fiber. In this study, the far-infrared polypropylene with 3 micron powder has excellent antibacterial properties.
4 Compared with ordinary propane, the mechanical properties of far-infrared polypropylene decreased with the improvement of micro-powder content.
5. The far-infrared polypropylene POY and DTY have different crystal structure, POY is quasi-hexagon crystal form, and DTY is a crystal form.
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