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1 Introduction In recent years, with the improvement of people's material living standards, synthetic fibers have gradually transformed from the applicable type to the functional type. People pay more attention to the aesthetic, comfort, and health functions of fibers. As far-infrared fiber has far-infrared emission function, antibacterial function and heat preservation function, the upsurge of research and development has arisen at home and abroad. In addition, polypropylene has advantages such as light weight, fine denier and fine denier polypropylene, and good wicking effect, which has become a hot spot for researchers and developers. In this paper, the functional and mechanical properties of far-infrared fine-denier polypropylene developed by the National Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Fibers were studied, which laid the foundation for the popularization and application of fibers.
2 Experiment 2.1 Raw material Far-infrared polypropylene fabric: Using far-infrared polypropylene DTY, weaving socks on a dyeing test knitting machine (produced by Jiangsu Wuxi Yongxin Textile Machinery Factory).
2.2 Test Instruments and Methods 2.2.1 fabric far infrared emission performance test test band 8 ~ 25 with.
2.2.2 Fabric far-infrared emission performance Durability test The washing machine was used to wash the fabrics in accordance with the following process requirements for 50 times, and the far-infrared emissivity was tested.
Diving time is 1 (W times, naturally dry.
2.2.3 Fabric antibacterial performance test ~ 1 (W pieces, use the oscillation method to measure the number of bacteria to kill, calculate the antibacterial rate, calculated according to the following formula: = (bacteria before the oscillation - the average number of bacteria after the oscillation) The average number of bacteria before shaking x Test species: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis.Test method refers to FZ/TO1Q21 2.2.4 Fiber tensile elongation, dry, Cross-section morphology test strength: STA-TIMAT automatic tensile tester produced by TEXTECHNO of Germany; C-type dry uniformity tester; Cross-sectional morphology: microscopic image analysis system, magnification of 500 times.
2.2.5 Measurement of Crystallinity Performance Japanese Science Model 3134 X-ray Diffraction Apparatus; Cu Target, Work 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Far Infrared Emission Performance of Far-infrared Fibers The far-infrared emission performance of fibers is determined mainly by the far-infrared micro-powders contained in the fibers. Composition and addition amount <= Reasonable selection of far-infrared micro-powders is not only beneficial to the fiber and fabrics to play a good health care function, but also beneficial to the swift spinning performance of extracting fiber, extraction and chemical fiber technology research, published several articles. article.
The stability of the spinning state reduces production unit consumption. Choosing effective far-infrared micro-powders is the key to the development of far-infrared fibers. We studied the effect of micro-powders on the far-infrared emissivity of fabrics for four different types of micropowders. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Composition of far-infrared micropowders The relation of emissivity Micro powder category Micro powder Na rate Fabrics far-reaching rate analysis Table 1 It can be seen that due to the different composition of the micro powder, the far-infrared emission rate of the micro powder differs greatly, and in the fiber and fabric with the same content of the micro powder, the far-infrared emission rate also has Significant differences. The far-infrared emissivity of a fabric depends not only on the composition of the micropowder but also on the particle size of the micropowder and its distribution in the fiber. In order to make the final product have excellent far-infrared emission function, the emissivity of a micropowder is greater than 90%, and the far-infrared emissivity of the fabric is more than 80%. On the other hand, the far-infrared emissivity of the fiber is also related to the amount of micropowder added. The amount not only affects the emissivity of the fiber, but also affects the spinnability. Through experiments, we found that the spinnability of the 3 far-infrared fiber was the best, so we studied the effect of different amounts of 3 micron powder on the far-infrared emissivity of the fabric. The results are shown in Table 2 Table 2 Far-infrared Micro The relationship between the ft content and the far-infrared emission of the material is shown in Table 2. As the content of powder in the fiber increases, the emissivity of the fabric increases. When the powder content is 4.5%, the emissivity of the fabric has reached 80%, but when the powder content increases to more than 6%, the rate of rise of the emissivity significantly slows down. Considering factors such as fiber emissivity, spinnability, and production cost, we believe that the 56% powder content in the fiber can meet the fiber functional requirements. 3.2 Far-infrared fiber far-infrared emissivity washing performance Table 3 lists the far-infrared emissivity before and after washing of far-infrared fabrics containing four kinds of micropowders. From the results in Table 3, the emissivity of far-infrared fibers after washing is shown. Slightly lower; the four far-infrared fabrics selected in this study have excellent far-infrared emissivity and wash performance.
The washing performance of the far-infrared fiber and fabric emissivity is related to the distribution of the micropowder in the fiber. All of the four far-infrared fibers and fabrics we studied use the method of blending and melting the whole granulation, which achieves a good distribution of the fine powder in the fiber-forming rayon polymers. This not only mentions the yam spinning of the fibers. Silk performance, but also help to improve the washing performance of the fiber emissivity, even if washing in a high-speed washing machine 20, the micro-powder is not easy to fall off from the fiber.
Table 3 Far-infrared emission emissivity Washable performance Fabric type Pre-wash rate (service) Washing rate, respectively, ordinary polypropylene POY and containing 3 micro far infrared POY cross-sectional diagram. From the above, we can see that the normal polypropylene section is smooth and transparent, while the far-infrared polypropylene section is full of spots, and the distribution is even. This aspect shows that the far-infrared micro-powder aggregate particles are less, there is almost no agglomerates, which is conducive to the implementation of the Ion spinning; on the other hand, it also explains the reason why the far-infrared fiber and fabric emissivity washing resistance.
The fabric containing 1, 3 micro powders was commissioned to test the antibacterial properties of the product. The test results showed that: 3 far-infrared fabrics antibacterial rate of 91.00%, excellent antibacterial properties; 1 woven fungus rate was 79.50%, antibacterial properties of medium.
The difference in antibacterial properties is mainly related to the composition of far-infrared micropowders. It is generally believed that far-infrared fiber has antibacterial properties. On the one hand, far-infrared rays have antibacterial properties. On the other hand, most ceramic micropowders also have antibacterial properties.
3.4 Mechanical properties of far-infrared fibers We studied the relationship between the content of far-infrared micro-powders in fibers (for example, 3) and the mechanical properties of fibers. From Table 4, it can be seen that far-infrared C-propylene mechanical properties have been reduced compared with ordinary polypropylene, which may affect the supramolecular structure of the fiber to a certain extent and cause structural defects. In order to make the far-infrared polypropylene have good weaving performance, it is generally required that the strength of DTY is greater than 2.5 cN/dtex. In the scope of this test, far-infrared polypropylene can fully meet the requirements of post-processing.
Relationship between ft4 far-infrared fltft containing and fiber stack mechanical properties Powder content According to the requirements of industrial production, whether or not POY can maintain the basic stability of the structure in a relatively long period of time is of utmost importance, because this directly affects the fiber's tensile deformation. And other processes. Table 5 shows the effect of different time on the structural properties of POY. From the table, it can be seen that the mechanical properties of fibers have little to do with the storage time, but the rate of dryness is slightly decreased, and the balance is basically reached within 24 hours. Far-infrared POY can pass through the false-twist texturing process even if it is stored for 3 months, and produces far-infrared CTY with excellent performance. Table 5 Storage time of the POY mechanical properties of the far-away POY Storage time (h) 3 Month elongation and dryness series U (% 3.S crystal properties of far infrared fiber type, with the processing conditions change. Generally believed that a crystal form is relatively stable, is not conducive to post-processing, the resulting fiber products The mechanical properties of the quasi-hexagonal crystals are relatively complex and incomplete crystal forms, which are easy to process, and are gradually converted into relatively stable crystals of a crystal in the course of processing, so that the far-infrared POY can be further processed afterwards. For processing, the crystal structure of POY must be quasi-hexagonal.We studied the crystallization properties of far infrared polypropylene POY and DTY. See X-ray diffraction pattern and calculate the corresponding crystallinity. See Table 6. Analysis, Table 6 It can be seen that the crystal structure of the far-infrared POY is quasi-hexagonal, while the crystal structure of DTY is a-crystalline, which indicates that the crystallinity of the far-infrared POY increases as the crystallinity increases. Significant changes have occurred by Complete quasi-hexagonal gradually evolved into a more stable crystalline form. This also explains we developed the far-infrared POY smoothly machined on the other hand, because of excellent DTY made and the performance.
Table 6 Comparison of far infrared polypropylene POY and DTY fiber variety Crystallinity of ~~ far infrared POY and DTY 4 Conclusion The emissivity of far infrared polypropylene is related to the far infrared micropowder and the amount of fiber contained in the fiber. 3 far-infrared micro-powder, the addition of 5% ~ 6% is appropriate.
The far-infrared polypropylene produced by the melt-blending full granulation method has a uniform distribution of the fine powder in the fibers, and the far-infrared emissivity of fibers and fabrics is excellent in washing resistance.
Far-infrared polypropylene has a certain antibacterial performance, which is mainly related to the composition of the micropowder contained in the fiber. In this study, far-infrared polypropylene with 3 micron powder has excellent antibacterial properties.
4 Compared with ordinary propylene, the mechanical properties of far-infrared polypropylene decreased with the increase of the content of fine powder.
5. The crystal structure of far infrared polypropylene POY and DTY is different, POY is quasi-hexagonal, and DTY is a crystal.
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