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Natural zircon
Zircon, also known as zircon, is called "hyacinth stone" in Japan. It is the birthstone of December and symbolizes success. (December's birthstone also has turquoise, lapis lazuli) Its English name is Zircon, one of the oldest minerals on the planet. Zircon is a mineral name, formerly known as zircon, hyacinth, and transparent as a gemstone, called zircon gem. The source may be derived from the Arabic "Zarkun", the original meaning is "Chensha and Yinzhu"; the other said that it is derived from the ancient Persian "Zargun", meaning "golden yellow." The first official use of "Zircon" was in 1783, used to describe green zircon crystals from Sri Lanka.
The main chemical composition of zircon: zirconium silicate, the crystal belongs to the tetragonal system of island-like structure silicate minerals. The crystal is in the form of a short column, usually a square prism, a quadrangular double cone or a complex square pyramid. Zircon is available in a variety of colors, such as colorless, purple, golden, yellow, garnet, olive, champagne, pink, purple, apple, etc., generally available in colorless, blue and red varieties. The dispersion is 0.039 (height). The gloss is strong glass luster to diamond luster. No clerk. The Mohs hardness is 6~7.5, the ratio is large, and the density is mostly 3.90~4.73g/cm3. High type: 4.60~4.80g/cm3. Medium: 4.10~4.60g/cm3. Low type: 3.90~4.10g/cm3.
Zircon is a gemstone with a refractive index second only to diamonds and a high dispersion value. The colorless and transparent zircon resembles a diamond and is a good substitute for diamonds. Commonly used zircons are mostly colorless, reddish brown, maroon, green, and the like. However, the most popular colors are blue and colorless, of which the value of blue is higher, and the color is generally optimized by heat treatment. Many of the zircons on the market are sold after heat treatment. Zircon is often treated with heat treatment to improve its quality, or to change the color or change the type of zircon. Because it does not add any other substances during the optimization process, it is still recognized as a natural gemstone in jewelry identification. After optimization, zircon will become more beautiful and easy to sell.
Synthetic zircon
Synthetic cubic zirconia is a hard, colorless, and optically flawless crystal. Because of its low cost, durability and similar appearance to diamonds, it has been the main replacement for diamonds (diamonds) since 1976. In recent years, artificially cultivated silicon carbide (SiliconCarbide), which is closer to diamonds, has competed with cubic zirconia to replace diamonds.
The "craniofacial" method invented by the Soviet Union is still the main synthetic method. First, a copper tube is wound into a cup shape, and cooling water is injected into the copper tube. A small amount of zirconium metal piece was added to the cup, and zirconia and stabilizer powder were added in the middle and pressed. The entire device is surrounded by a radio frequency induction coil. When the induction coil is energized, the zirconium metal generates a current due to induction, is heated to a high temperature, and is heated to internal zirconium oxide to deuterate it. The cooling water maintains a solid state of zirconia in the cup near the surface of 1-2 mm. After a few hours of heating, the heat is gradually reduced, and the flawless columnar crystals begin to form. It is then annealed at 1,400 ° C for a long time to eliminate stress in the crystal. The annealed crystal is usually 5 cm long and 2.5 cm wide and can be cut into gemstones.
Zircon is a common gemstone mineral, but some low zircon contains radioactive elements, so some low zircons are radioactive, especially bright orange low zircon. It is best not to wear it as jewelry. There may be radioactivity. Therefore, if it is zircon for jewelry, low-type zircon is unacceptable, low-type zircon is due to radioactivity and the crystal becomes amorphous zircon, which is likely to be radioactive, so zircon for jewelry and jewelry only High-type zircon will be used.
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